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400G Ethernet in Modern Networks

With the rapid development of information technology, the growth rate of data traffic has exceeded any previous time. To meet this demand, network technology is also continuously advancing, among which 400G Ethernet technology, with its high speed, high bandwidth, and high efficiency, has become a key technology in modern networks. This article will delve into the technical specifications, market trends, application cases, and future prospects of 400G Ethernet technology, lifting the veil on its role in modern networks.

 

400G Ethernet technology was developed by the IEEE P802.3bs task group in 2017. It uses similar technology to 100G Ethernet but requires processing more symbols and advanced modulation formats per second. With a transmission capacity of 400Gb/s per wavelength, 400G Ethernet technology provides four times the capacity of 100Gb/s. The common 400G module specifications are as follows:

400GBASE-SR8: Utilizing 50GPAM4*8 lanes of electrical signal rate, through MPO interface, with a transmission distance of 70m (OM3) or 100m (OM4).
400GBASE-DR4: Utilizing 50GPAM4*8 lanes of electrical signal rate, through MPO interface, with a transmission distance of 500m.
400GBASE-FR4: Utilizing 50GPAM4*8 lanes of electrical signal rate, through LC interface, with a transmission distance of 2km.
400GBASE-LR4: Utilizing 50GPAM4*8 lanes of electrical signal rate, through LC interface, with a transmission distance of 10km.
400GBASE-LR8: Utilizing 50GPAM4*8 lanes of electrical signal rate, through LC interface, with a transmission distance of 10km.
400GBASE-ZR: Utilizing 50GPAM4*8 lanes of electrical signal rate, through LC interface, with a transmission distance of 120km.
These module specifications demonstrate the diversity and flexibility of 400G Ethernet technology, which can adapt to different network environments and requirements.

 

Market Trends: The Commercial Potential of 400G Ethernet
With the explosive growth of data centers and internet traffic, 400G Ethernet has become a key technology for Data Center Interconnect (DCI). It is expected that from 2019 to 2023, the global interconnect bandwidth will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 45%. In addition, the growth of video traffic, especially uncompressed 4K/8K/16K video, poses higher requirements for network bandwidth. 400G Ethernet, with its higher transmission rate, greater bandwidth, and better scalability, can meet these demands, indicating its significant market potential.

 

Application Cases: Real-World Implementation of 400G Ethernet
400G Ethernet technology has begun to be applied in data centers and operator networks. For example, China Telecom has stated that the application of 400G in the backbone network is an inevitable choice, with commercial use expected in 2024. This indicates that 400G Ethernet technology is not only technologically feasible but also has practical value in commercial applications. The application of 400G Ethernet technology can provide more data transmission channels, supporting high-density integration and low-energy solutions.

 

Future Outlook: The Direction of 400G Ethernet Development
The development of 400G Ethernet technology is not limited to current applications; its future direction includes the research and development and promotion of 800G/1.6T. With the development of technologies such as artificial intelligence, the growth in computational power demand will further drive the update and iteration of optical products. It is expected that in the near future, 800G optical modules will enter the data communication market on a large scale, and higher-level 1.6T products are already on the agenda.

 

Conclusion
400G Ethernet technology, with its high speed, high bandwidth, and high efficiency, is becoming a key technology in modern networks. As the technology matures and market demand grows, 400G Ethernet technology will play an increasingly important role in future networks. From technical specifications to market trends, from application cases to future prospects, 400G Ethernet technology is lifting the veil on the future, showing its infinite possibilities in modern networks.

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